Practicing Linux By Configuring These Linux Servers

Linux is a powerful , fast , secure and stable operating system. This is why 29.7% of the websites deployed on Linux platform according to w3tech survey report 2020 . In 2019 global share of Linux operating system is 13.2% accrording to statista . 

 

 

In this post I will share some most important and popular services which can be configured in Linux as a Server. You can configure these servers in your Linux machine to practice & to learn the functionality. 

 

Lets start ...

WebServer/HTTP Server

Lighttpd : lighttpd is an open-source web server optimized for speed-critical environments while remaining standards-compliant, secure and flexible.

Apache: Apache HTTP Server is a free and open-source web server that delivers web content through the internet. It is commonly referred to as Apache and after development, it quickly became the most popular HTTP client on the web.

XAMPP : Abbreviation of Cross platform, Apache, MariaDB, PHP, Perl , XAMPP is a free and open-source cross-platform web server solution stack package. It  allows you to build WordPress site offline, on a local web server on your computer. This simple and lightweight solution works on Windows, Linux, and Mac

Tomcat : Apache Tomcat is an open-source implementation of the Java Servlet, JavaServer Pages, Java Expression Language and WebSocket technologies. Tomcat provides a "pure Java" HTTP web server environment in which Java code can run.

Nginx : Nginx, stylized as NGINX or nginx or NginX, is a web server that can also be used as a reverse proxy, load balancer, mail proxy and HTTP cache. The software was created by Igor Sysoev and publicly released in 2004. Nginx is free and open-source software, released under the terms of the 2-clause BSD license

 

Active Directory Server

LDAP  : Lightweight Directory Access Protocol is a lightweight client-server protocol for accessing directory services, specifically X. 500-based directory services. LDAP runs over TCP/IP or other connection oriented transfer services.

 

NIS : NIS (Network Information System) is a network naming and administration system for smaller networks that was developed by Sun Microsystems. NIS+ is a later version that provides additional security and other facilities. Using NIS, each host client or server computer in the system has knowledge about the entire system.

389 Directory Server : The 389 Directory Server is an Lightweight Directory Access Protocol server developed by Red Hat as part of the community-supported Fedora Project. The name "389" derives from the port number used by LDAP. 389 Directory Server supports many operating systems, including Fedora, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Debian, Solaris, and HP-UX 11i.

 

 Mail Server

Sendmail : Sendmail is a general purpose internetwork email routing facility that supports many kinds of mail-transfer and delivery methods, including the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol used for email transport over the Internet.

Postfix : Postfix is a free and open-source mail transfer agent that routes and delivers electronic mail. It is released under the IBM Public License 1.0 which is a free software license. Alternatively, starting with version 3.2.5, it is available under the Eclipse Public License 2.0 at the user's option.

 

Proxy Servers

SQUID Server : Squid is a caching and forwarding HTTP web proxy. It has a wide variety of uses, including speeding up a web server by caching repeated requests, caching web, DNS and other computer network lookups for a group of people sharing network resources, and aiding security by filtering traffic.

OpenVPN : OpenVPN is a full-featured SSL VPN which implements OSI layer 2 or 3 secure network extension using the industry standard SSL/TLS protocol, supports flexible client authentication methods based on certificates, smart cards, and/or username/password credentials, and allows user or group-specific access control policies using firewall rules applied to the VPN virtual interface

HAproxy: HAProxy is free, open source software that provides a high availability load balancer and proxy server for TCP and HTTP-based applications that spreads requests across multiple servers. It is written in C and has a reputation for being fast and efficient.

L2TP : Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is a tunneling protocol used to support virtual private networks (VPNs) or as part of the delivery of services by ISPs. It does not provide any encryption or confidentiality by itself. 

DNS

DNS :  DNS translates domain names to IP addresses so browsers can load Internet resources. Each device connected to the Internet has a unique IP address which other machines use to find the device. DNS servers eliminate the need for humans to memorize IP addresses such as 192.168.0.5. The popular DNS server application which you can configure in Linux is BIND

 

BIND9 :  BIND 9 has evolved to be a very flexible, full-featured DNS system. Whatever your application is, BIND 9 probably has the required features. As the first, oldest, and most commonly deployed solution, there are more network engineers who are already familiar with BIND 9 than with any other system.

 

File System Server

NFS : Network File System is basically developed for sharing of files and folders between Linux/Unix systems by Sun Microsystems in 1980. It allows you to mount your local file systems over a network and remote hosts to interact with them as they are mounted locally on the same system.

FTP : The File Transfer Protocol is a standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network. FTP is built on a client-server model architecture using separate control and data connections between the client and the server

SFTP : SFTP, which stands for SSH File Transfer Protocol, or Secure File Transfer Protocol, is a separate protocol packaged with SSH that works in a similar way over a secure connection

ProFTPD : ProFTPD is an FTP server. ProFTPD is Free and open-source software, compatible with Unix-like systems and Microsoft Windows. Along with vsftpd and Pure-FTPd, ProFTPD is among the most popular FTP servers in Unix-like environments today

 

Database Server

MariaDB  : MariaDB is a community-developed, commercially supported fork of the MySQL relational database management system, intended to remain free and open-source software under the GNU General Public License.

 

mySQL : MySQL is an open-source relational database management system. Its name is a combination of "My", the name of co-founder Michael Widenius's daughter, and "SQL", the abbreviation for Structured Query Language.  

 

Oracle DB : Oracle Database is a multi-model database management system produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation. It is a database commonly used for running online transaction processing, data warehousing and mixed database workloads.

 

MongoDB : MongoDB is a cross-platform document-oriented database program. Classified as a NoSQL database program, MongoDB uses JSON-like documents with optional schemas. MongoDB is developed by MongoDB Inc. and licensed under the Server Side Public License.

 

Network Server 

SAMBA : Samba is the standard Windows interoperability suite of programs for Linux and Unix. Samba has provided secure, stable and fast file and print services for all clients using the SMB/CIFS protocol, such as all versions of DOS and Windows, OS/2, Linux and many others.

DHCP : The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is a network management protocol used on Internet Protocol networks, whereby a DHCP server dynamically assigns an IP address and other network configuration parameters to each device on the network, so they can communicate with other IP networks.

 

Security & Authentication 

SSH : Secure Shell is a cryptographic network protocol for operating network services securely over an unsecured network. Typical applications include remote command-line, login, and remote command execution, but any network service can be secured with SSH. OpenSSH is a program utility which can be used to configure the SSH server in a system

Kerbrose :Kerberos is a computer-network authentication protocol that works on the basis of tickets to allow nodes communicating over a non-secure network to prove their identity to one another in a secure manner